Picture anatomy a laboratory of optics and motion

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i. Lenses

Anamorphic squeeze

Squeeze, sensor and final frame

Spherical and anamorphic light paths

Focal length and perspective

Diffusion filters

Lens distortion

Flare and coatings

Chromatic aberration

Diffraction and the sharpest stop

Corner performance and field curvature

Close focus and macro

Image circle and sensor coverage

Flange distance

ii. Exposure and light

Exposure triangle

Portrait lighting

Lighting a two shot

Lighting over the shoulder

The window as a key

Lighting a night exterior

Lighting a car at night

ND filters and IR

Mixed colour temperature

iii. Motion

Frame rate and slow motion

Rolling shutter

Wagon-wheel effect

Pan speed and judder

Pulldown and cadence

Retiming in post

Speed ramps in camera

Flicker and banding

iv. Look and finish

Monitor and viewing environment

Aspect ratios and framing

Noise reduction

v. Calculators and reference

Data rate and storage

Colour spaces and log

Dynamic range by camera

vi. Camera sensors

URSA Mini Pro 12K

URSA Mini Pro 4.6K G2

V-RAPTOR [X] 8K VV

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Sony FX30

APS-C 4K oversampled from 6K, the 1.6× crop at 120 fps, and RAW out over HDMI.